According to
band theory, solid matters are classified based on some energy levels into
three, conductors, semiconductors and insulators..
The conductors has only two band or energy
level, the conduction band and the valence band, the conduction band are full
of electrons while the valence band has few electrons, conductors has no band
gap, the conduction and valence band are merged.
Semiconductors are solid with their
conductivity between that of a good conductor and good insulator, they
have three energy band, the conduction
band, the valence band and the forbidden gap. The energy gap in semiconductors
is very narrow that little energy can
overcome it.
The insulators have their forbidden gap so wide that no amount of
energy can make them bridge the conduction band and the valence band.
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