Differentiate FRESNEEL and fraunhofer diffractions


Diffraction is one of the property of waves, it is the ability of waves to bend around geometric structures, It involves breaking up of waves and reconstruction of waves through interference. diffraction occur when a waves passes through small openings, around obstacles or relatively sharp edges.
Diffraction of waves is of two types;
the fraunhofer when the distance between the wave source and screen is far, the rays appear to be parallel,  this can be achieved experimentally either  by placing the observing screen far from the opening or by using a convergence lens to focus  the parallel rays on the screen .
a bright fringes is observed along the axis at θ, the diffraction angle equal to 0.  with alternating bright and dark fringes on either sides of the central bright fringe.
in the other hand, a Fresnel diffraction pattern is observed when the source and the diffracting screen are place at a near distance, the waves appear to be non-parallel .the wavefront in the diffraction is either spherical or cylindrical and convex lens may be used.

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