Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution gives the average number of
particles found in a given single –microstates.
The speed of the gas molecules is different at different
times and changes after each encounter for the same molecules. At any time all
the molecules do not move with the same speed, some move with a speed which is somewhat
higher than the root mean square speed while some move with a speed which is
lower than the root mean square speed.
The speed distribution
depends on the temperature and the mass of the particles. The most probable
speed indicates which speed is more likely, a particle will have selected randomly
from the distribution.
Maxwell-Boltzmann speed distribution is for ideal gases, real
gases are affected by forces like van der Waal forces, vertical flow, quantum
exchange interaction etc. Though rarefied gases behave like ideal gases at
ordinary temperature and therefore the Maxwell-Boltzmann relations work
perfectly for them.
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