39 summarized facts about the nucleus of an atom
1. The nucleus is a constituent f an ato
consisting of protons and neutrons.
2. Protons and the neutrons are called
nucleons
3. The neutrons are neutrally charged by
slightly massive than protons
4. The protons are positively charged
and 1840 time massive than electrons
5. The nucleus was first discovered in
1911
6. Sir Ernest Rutherford discovered the
nucleus in his thin gold foil scattering experiment
7. The nucleus is small compared to the
size of the atom but massive.
8. The nucleus consists about 99% of the
mass of an atom.
9. The discovery of nucleus gave birth
to the Rutherford or planetary atomic model.
10.
The
constituent protons are neutrons are bind together by a strong nuclear
interaction.
11.
The
nucleus has a diameter that ranges from 1.75fm to 15fm,
12.
The
nuclear mass of any specie is its atomic mass.
13.
An
tom is made up of nucleus and electrons
14.
All
atomic nuclei have both protons and neutrons except protium, an isotope of
hydrogen with a single proton.
15.
The
nucleus is positively charged
16.
Any
nucleus with specified atomic number is said to be nuclide.
17.
Nuclide
is said to be stable when it does not decay exponential with time.
18.
A
nuclide is said to be radioactive when it spontaneously emit radiations.
19.
A
measured mass of a nuclide is slightly less than the actual mass of the sum of
its constituent protons and neutrons.
20.
Mass
defects of nuclides are due to the
nuclear binding energy.
21.
The
mass defect “missing mass” can be computed by using Einstein mass energy equations
22.
Isotopes
are nuclide with same mass but different nuclear charge.
23.
Nuclear
charge is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
24.
Isobars
are nuclide s with same nuclear mass but different nuclear charge.
25.
Isotopes
occur due to variations in number of protons between nuclides with same nuclear
charge.
26.
Isobars
occur due to variations in proton number between two nuclide of same masses.
27.
Isotones
are nuclides with same number of protons but different nuclear mass or charge.
28.
Nucleons
is either protons or neutrons
29.
Residual
strong interaction is the force that bind a nucleus.
30.
Protons
are made up of quarks bound by strong force
31.
Neutrons
are also made up of quarks bound by strong interaction.
32.
Strong
interaction is the largest fundamental know force.
33.
Nuclear
force overcome the coulomb force between the positively charge protons.
34.
Without
nuclear force protons will fly apart due to Coulomb force of repulsion.
35.
Nuclear
force only exists within the nuclear distance.
36.
Strong
and weak interaction are the fundamental force in the nucleus.
37.
The
larger the size of a nuclide the less stable it is
38.
The
lighter the size of a nuclide the less stable it is
39.
The
most stable nuclides are the moderate ones.
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